See espia on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "espiar"
},
"expansion": "Deverbal from espiar",
"name": "deverbal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Deverbal from espiar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "espia f (plural espies)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spy"
],
"id": "en-espia-ca-noun-V9SqN3JQ",
"links": [
[
"spy",
"spy"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[əsˈpi.ə]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[esˈpi.a]",
"tags": [
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-espia.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav.mp3",
"note": "Barcelona",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ia"
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espia",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 80 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 1 14 1 8 14 1 0 14 1 15 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-espia-ca-verb-mf37p-SC",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-espia-ca-verb-Fj~dInYI",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[əsˈpi.ə]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[esˈpi.a]",
"tags": [
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-espia.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav.mp3",
"note": "Barcelona",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ia"
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espia",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 14 1 14 1 8 14 1 0 14 1 15 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 14 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-espia-gl-verb-mf37p-SC",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-espia-gl-verb-Fj~dInYI",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of espiar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first/third-person singular imperfect indicative of espir"
],
"id": "en-espia-gl-verb-6Q5IhsvO",
"links": [
[
"espir",
"espir#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) first/third-person singular imperfect indicative of espir"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espia",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 14 1 14 1 8 14 1 0 14 1 15 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiare:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-espia-it-verb-tQh1xaji",
"links": [
[
"espiare",
"espiare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiare:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-espia-it-verb-fOMnuLJZ",
"links": [
[
"espiare",
"espiare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "osp:espia",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-der.\nProto-Germanic *spehōną\nGothic *𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰 (*spaiha)\nOld Spanish espia\nLadino espia\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*speḱ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*spehōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"*𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Spanish\", \"term\" : \"espia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"osp\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ladino\", \"term\" : \"espia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"lad\" }\" data-lang=\"lad\" data-title=\"espia\">",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-der.\nProto-Germanic *spehōną\nGothic *𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰 (*spaiha)\nOld Spanish espia\nLadino espia",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espía",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "איספיאה",
"tags": [
"Hebrew"
]
},
{
"form": "espía",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "mf",
"head": "espía",
"heb": "איספיאה"
},
"expansion": "espía m or f (Hebrew spelling איספיאה)",
"name": "lad-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ladino entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
62,
68
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
87,
92
]
],
"english": "And Joseph remembered the dreams which he dreamed of them, and said unto them: ‘Ye are spies; to see the nakedness of the land ye are come.’",
"ref": "1553, “Reyes Primero, XLII”, in Yom Tob Atías, Abraham Usque, transl., Biblia de Ferrara, page 32:",
"text": "Y membrò Yoſeph à los ſueños que ſoñò à ellos: y dixo à ellos eſpias vos , por ver à deſcobertura de la tierra veniſtes.",
"translation": "And Joseph remembered the dreams which he dreamed of them, and said unto them: ‘Ye are spies; to see the nakedness of the land ye are come.’",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spy (spier)"
],
"id": "en-espia-lad-noun-n496E-IW",
"links": [
[
"spy",
"spy"
],
[
"spier",
"spier#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espía",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espia",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 14 1 14 1 8 14 1 0 14 1 15 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 89 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ladino entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 79 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ladino entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 83 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-espia-lad-verb-mf37p-SC",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Ladino"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-espia-lad-verb-Fj~dInYI",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Ladino"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "espía"
},
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "espia"
},
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "איספיאה"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": ":uder",
"3": "got:*𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰<ety:inh<gem-pro:*spehōną<t:to see, look>>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*speḱ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*spehōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"*𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Spanish\", \"term\" : \"espia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"osp\" }\" data-lang=\"osp\" data-title=\"espia\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "got",
"3": "*𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic *𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰 (*spaiha)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spehōną",
"t": "to see, look"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-",
"t": "to look"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Gothic *𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰 (*spaiha), from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espias",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "espia f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "espia f (plural espias)",
"name": "osp-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Spanish undefined derivations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "osp",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "osp:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "osp",
"name": "People",
"orig": "osp:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 2 12 2 7 12 2 0 12 2 22 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 1 14 1 8 14 1 0 14 1 15 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
31,
36
]
],
"english": "Our Lord ordered Moses to send spies to the land of Canaan to get a sense of what [kind of] land it was.",
"ref": "c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 22v:",
"text": "Mando el nr̃o ſeñor amoẏſen q̃ tremetiesſe eſpias atiera de chanaan por barũtar q̃ tr̃a era",
"translation": "Our Lord ordered Moses to send spies to the land of Canaan to get a sense of what [kind of] land it was.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spy"
],
"id": "en-espia-osp-noun-V9SqN3JQ",
"links": [
[
"spy",
"spy"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/esˈpia/"
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espia",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 14 1 14 1 8 14 1 0 14 1 15 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-espia-pt-verb-mf37p-SC",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-espia-pt-verb-Fj~dInYI",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan deverbals",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan feminine nouns",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan verb forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Catalan/ia",
"Rhymes:Catalan/ia/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "espiar"
},
"expansion": "Deverbal from espiar",
"name": "deverbal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Deverbal from espiar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "espia f (plural espies)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"spy"
],
"links": [
[
"spy",
"spy"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[əsˈpi.ə]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[esˈpi.a]",
"tags": [
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-espia.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav.mp3",
"note": "Barcelona",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ia"
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan verb forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Rhymes:Catalan/ia/3 syllables"
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"head_templates": [
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},
"expansion": "espia",
"name": "head"
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{
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{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Catalan"
]
],
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]
},
{
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{
"word": "espiar"
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"second-person singular imperative"
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"espiar#Catalan"
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[əsˈpi.ə]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[esˈpi.a]",
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"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
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},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-espia.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav.mp3",
"note": "Barcelona",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-espia.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ia"
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espia",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"tags": [
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"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
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"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of espiar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first/third-person singular imperfect indicative of espir"
],
"links": [
[
"espir",
"espir#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) first/third-person singular imperfect indicative of espir"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian verb forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espia",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiare:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiare",
"espiare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiare:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiare",
"espiare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ladino entries with etymology trees",
"Ladino entries with etymon",
"Ladino entries with incorrect language header",
"Ladino feminine nouns",
"Ladino lemmas",
"Ladino masculine nouns",
"Ladino non-lemma forms",
"Ladino nouns",
"Ladino nouns in Latin script",
"Ladino nouns with multiple genders",
"Ladino terms derived from Gothic",
"Ladino terms derived from Old Spanish",
"Ladino terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Ladino terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ladino terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-",
"Ladino terms inherited from Old Spanish",
"Ladino verb forms",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
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],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "osp:espia",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-der.\nProto-Germanic *spehōną\nGothic *𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰 (*spaiha)\nOld Spanish espia\nLadino espia\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*speḱ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*spehōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"*𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Spanish\", \"term\" : \"espia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"osp\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ladino\", \"term\" : \"espia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"lad\" }\" data-lang=\"lad\" data-title=\"espia\">",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-der.\nProto-Germanic *spehōną\nGothic *𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰 (*spaiha)\nOld Spanish espia\nLadino espia",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espía",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "איספיאה",
"tags": [
"Hebrew"
]
},
{
"form": "espía",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "mf",
"head": "espía",
"heb": "איספיאה"
},
"expansion": "espía m or f (Hebrew spelling איספיאה)",
"name": "lad-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ladino terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
62,
68
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
87,
92
]
],
"english": "And Joseph remembered the dreams which he dreamed of them, and said unto them: ‘Ye are spies; to see the nakedness of the land ye are come.’",
"ref": "1553, “Reyes Primero, XLII”, in Yom Tob Atías, Abraham Usque, transl., Biblia de Ferrara, page 32:",
"text": "Y membrò Yoſeph à los ſueños que ſoñò à ellos: y dixo à ellos eſpias vos , por ver à deſcobertura de la tierra veniſtes.",
"translation": "And Joseph remembered the dreams which he dreamed of them, and said unto them: ‘Ye are spies; to see the nakedness of the land ye are come.’",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spy (spier)"
],
"links": [
[
"spy",
"spy"
],
[
"spier",
"spier#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
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"Ladino entries with incorrect language header",
"Ladino non-lemma forms",
"Ladino verb forms",
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],
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"nl": "1"
},
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"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espía",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espia",
"name": "head"
}
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"pos": "verb",
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{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
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"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Ladino"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
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{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Ladino"
]
],
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"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "espía"
},
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "espia"
},
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "איספיאה"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": ":uder",
"3": "got:*𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰<ety:inh<gem-pro:*spehōną<t:to see, look>>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*speḱ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*spehōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"*𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Spanish\", \"term\" : \"espia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"osp\" }\" data-lang=\"osp\" data-title=\"espia\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "got",
"3": "*𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic *𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰 (*spaiha)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spehōną",
"t": "to see, look"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-",
"t": "to look"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Gothic *𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰 (*spaiha), from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espias",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "espia f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "espia f (plural espias)",
"name": "osp-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Spanish entries with etymon",
"Old Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Spanish feminine nouns",
"Old Spanish lemmas",
"Old Spanish nouns",
"Old Spanish terms derived from Gothic",
"Old Spanish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Spanish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-",
"Old Spanish terms with quotations",
"Old Spanish undefined derivations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"osp-noun needing attention",
"osp:Occupations",
"osp:People"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
31,
36
]
],
"english": "Our Lord ordered Moses to send spies to the land of Canaan to get a sense of what [kind of] land it was.",
"ref": "c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 22v:",
"text": "Mando el nr̃o ſeñor amoẏſen q̃ tremetiesſe eſpias atiera de chanaan por barũtar q̃ tr̃a era",
"translation": "Our Lord ordered Moses to send spies to the land of Canaan to get a sense of what [kind of] land it was.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spy"
],
"links": [
[
"spy",
"spy"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/esˈpia/"
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espia",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "espia"
}
Download raw JSONL data for espia meaning in All languages combined (13.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.